M. Badawi

CONFIDENCEB

SAMPLE13matches

CORE COVERAGE100%

WINDOW2026-09-12

REFEREE DNA · 7 DIMENSIONSreferee-dna-v0.1-research

Foul calling25

Fouls called per match relative to referee peers.

Discipline intensity71

Card points per match, with yellow = 1 and red = 3.

Red-card tendency21

Observed red cards per match relative to peers.

Card escalation90

Card points per 20 co-observed fouls.

Late discipline8

Share of observed cards shown from minute 75 onward.

Home-card differential71

Home minus away card points per match. This is an observed differential, not a bias label.

Discipline volatility25

Match-to-match variability in total card points.

EVIDENCE & INTERPRETATIONwhat the profile can and cannot say

Observed cards

66 card events across 13 observed matches; 1 red-card events.

Observed fouls

292 total fouls across 13 matches with complete foul statistics.

Home-card differential

A signed disciplinary difference only. It does not establish intent, favoritism or referee bias.

Peer context

Percentiles compare this referee only with eligible referees in Major League Soccer 2026.

LINEAGEreferee-specific immutable evidence manifest

MODEL: referee-dna-v0.1-research
WINDOW END: 2026-09-12
MANIFEST: referee-source-manifest-v0.1
SOURCE SHA-256: db8a35aa2b87530bc7e4da4db0530e0bfde3aad207a39eddd61011db40803b78